core: persist bad blocks (#21827)

* core: persist bad blocks

* core, eth, internal: address comments

* core/rawdb: add badblocks to inspector

* core, eth: update

* internal: revert

* core, eth: only save 10 bad blocks

* core/rawdb: address comments

* core/rawdb: fix

* core: address comments

core/blockchain.go

@@ -89,7 +89,6 @@ const (
 	txLookupCacheLimit  = 1024
 	maxFutureBlocks     = 256
 	maxTimeFutureBlocks = 30
-	badBlockLimit       = 10
 	TriesInMemory       = 128
 
 	// BlockChainVersion ensures that an incompatible database forces a resync from scratch.
@@ -208,7 +207,6 @@ type BlockChain struct {
 	processor  Processor  // Block transaction processor interface
 	vmConfig   vm.Config
 
-	badBlocks          *lru.Cache                     // Bad block cache
 	shouldPreserve     func(*types.Block) bool        // Function used to determine whether should preserve the given block.
 	terminateInsert    func(common.Hash, uint64) bool // Testing hook used to terminate ancient receipt chain insertion.
 	writeLegacyJournal bool                           // Testing flag used to flush the snapshot journal in legacy format.
@@ -227,7 +225,6 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, chainConfig *par
 	blockCache, _ := lru.New(blockCacheLimit)
 	txLookupCache, _ := lru.New(txLookupCacheLimit)
 	futureBlocks, _ := lru.New(maxFutureBlocks)
-	badBlocks, _ := lru.New(badBlockLimit)
 
 	bc := &BlockChain{
 		chainConfig: chainConfig,
@@ -249,7 +246,6 @@ func NewBlockChain(db ethdb.Database, cacheConfig *CacheConfig, chainConfig *par
 		futureBlocks:   futureBlocks,
 		engine:         engine,
 		vmConfig:       vmConfig,
-		badBlocks:      badBlocks,
 	}
 	bc.validator = NewBlockValidator(chainConfig, bc, engine)
 	bc.prefetcher = newStatePrefetcher(chainConfig, bc, engine)
@@ -2374,26 +2370,9 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) maintainTxIndex(ancients uint64) {
 	}
 }
 
-// BadBlocks returns a list of the last 'bad blocks' that the client has seen on the network
-func (bc *BlockChain) BadBlocks() []*types.Block {
-	blocks := make([]*types.Block, 0, bc.badBlocks.Len())
-	for _, hash := range bc.badBlocks.Keys() {
-		if blk, exist := bc.badBlocks.Peek(hash); exist {
-			block := blk.(*types.Block)
-			blocks = append(blocks, block)
-		}
-	}
-	return blocks
-}
-
-// addBadBlock adds a bad block to the bad-block LRU cache
-func (bc *BlockChain) addBadBlock(block *types.Block) {
-	bc.badBlocks.Add(block.Hash(), block)
-}
-
 // reportBlock logs a bad block error.
 func (bc *BlockChain) reportBlock(block *types.Block, receipts types.Receipts, err error) {
-	bc.addBadBlock(block)
+	rawdb.WriteBadBlock(bc.db, block)
 
 	var receiptString string
 	for i, receipt := range receipts {

core/rawdb/accessors_chain.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"math/big"
+	"sort"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
@@ -702,6 +703,102 @@ func DeleteBlockWithoutNumber(db ethdb.KeyValueWriter, hash common.Hash, number
 	DeleteTd(db, hash, number)
 }
 
+const badBlockToKeep = 10
+
+type badBlock struct {
+	Header *types.Header
+	Body   *types.Body
+}
+
+// badBlockList implements the sort interface to allow sorting a list of
+// bad blocks by their number in the reverse order.
+type badBlockList []*badBlock
+
+func (s badBlockList) Len() int { return len(s) }
+func (s badBlockList) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	return s[i].Header.Number.Uint64() < s[j].Header.Number.Uint64()
+}
+func (s badBlockList) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
+
+// ReadBadBlock retrieves the bad block with the corresponding block hash.
+func ReadBadBlock(db ethdb.Reader, hash common.Hash) *types.Block {
+	blob, err := db.Get(badBlockKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var badBlocks badBlockList
+	if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(blob, &badBlocks); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, bad := range badBlocks {
+		if bad.Header.Hash() == hash {
+			return types.NewBlockWithHeader(bad.Header).WithBody(bad.Body.Transactions, bad.Body.Uncles)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ReadAllBadBlocks retrieves all the bad blocks in the database.
+// All returned blocks are sorted in reverse order by number.
+func ReadAllBadBlocks(db ethdb.Reader) []*types.Block {
+	blob, err := db.Get(badBlockKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var badBlocks badBlockList
+	if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(blob, &badBlocks); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var blocks []*types.Block
+	for _, bad := range badBlocks {
+		blocks = append(blocks, types.NewBlockWithHeader(bad.Header).WithBody(bad.Body.Transactions, bad.Body.Uncles))
+	}
+	return blocks
+}
+
+// WriteBadBlock serializes the bad block into the database. If the cumulated
+// bad blocks exceeds the limitation, the oldest will be dropped.
+func WriteBadBlock(db ethdb.KeyValueStore, block *types.Block) {
+	blob, err := db.Get(badBlockKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warn("Failed to load old bad blocks", "error", err)
+	}
+	var badBlocks badBlockList
+	if len(blob) > 0 {
+		if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(blob, &badBlocks); err != nil {
+			log.Crit("Failed to decode old bad blocks", "error", err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, b := range badBlocks {
+		if b.Header.Number.Uint64() == block.NumberU64() && b.Header.Hash() == block.Hash() {
+			log.Info("Skip duplicated bad block", "number", block.NumberU64(), "hash", block.Hash())
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	badBlocks = append(badBlocks, &badBlock{
+		Header: block.Header(),
+		Body:   block.Body(),
+	})
+	sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(badBlocks))
+	if len(badBlocks) > badBlockToKeep {
+		badBlocks = badBlocks[:badBlockToKeep]
+	}
+	data, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(badBlocks)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Crit("Failed to encode bad blocks", "err", err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Put(badBlockKey, data); err != nil {
+		log.Crit("Failed to write bad blocks", "err", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// DeleteBadBlocks deletes all the bad blocks from the database
+func DeleteBadBlocks(db ethdb.KeyValueWriter) {
+	if err := db.Delete(badBlockKey); err != nil {
+		log.Crit("Failed to delete bad blocks", "err", err)
+	}
+}
+
 // FindCommonAncestor returns the last common ancestor of two block headers
 func FindCommonAncestor(db ethdb.Reader, a, b *types.Header) *types.Header {
 	for bn := b.Number.Uint64(); a.Number.Uint64() > bn; {

core/rawdb/accessors_chain_test.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"math/big"
+	"math/rand"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
@@ -188,6 +189,75 @@ func TestPartialBlockStorage(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Tests block storage and retrieval operations.
+func TestBadBlockStorage(t *testing.T) {
+	db := NewMemoryDatabase()
+
+	// Create a test block to move around the database and make sure it's really new
+	block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(&types.Header{
+		Number:      big.NewInt(1),
+		Extra:       []byte("bad block"),
+		UncleHash:   types.EmptyUncleHash,
+		TxHash:      types.EmptyRootHash,
+		ReceiptHash: types.EmptyRootHash,
+	})
+	if entry := ReadBadBlock(db, block.Hash()); entry != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Non existent block returned: %v", entry)
+	}
+	// Write and verify the block in the database
+	WriteBadBlock(db, block)
+	if entry := ReadBadBlock(db, block.Hash()); entry == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Stored block not found")
+	} else if entry.Hash() != block.Hash() {
+		t.Fatalf("Retrieved block mismatch: have %v, want %v", entry, block)
+	}
+	// Write one more bad block
+	blockTwo := types.NewBlockWithHeader(&types.Header{
+		Number:      big.NewInt(2),
+		Extra:       []byte("bad block two"),
+		UncleHash:   types.EmptyUncleHash,
+		TxHash:      types.EmptyRootHash,
+		ReceiptHash: types.EmptyRootHash,
+	})
+	WriteBadBlock(db, blockTwo)
+
+	// Write the block one again, should be filtered out.
+	WriteBadBlock(db, block)
+	badBlocks := ReadAllBadBlocks(db)
+	if len(badBlocks) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to load all bad blocks")
+	}
+
+	// Write a bunch of bad blocks, all the blocks are should sorted
+	// in reverse order. The extra blocks should be truncated.
+	for _, n := range rand.Perm(100) {
+		block := types.NewBlockWithHeader(&types.Header{
+			Number:      big.NewInt(int64(n)),
+			Extra:       []byte("bad block"),
+			UncleHash:   types.EmptyUncleHash,
+			TxHash:      types.EmptyRootHash,
+			ReceiptHash: types.EmptyRootHash,
+		})
+		WriteBadBlock(db, block)
+	}
+	badBlocks = ReadAllBadBlocks(db)
+	if len(badBlocks) != badBlockToKeep {
+		t.Fatalf("The number of persised bad blocks in incorrect %d", len(badBlocks))
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(badBlocks)-1; i++ {
+		if badBlocks[i].NumberU64() < badBlocks[i+1].NumberU64() {
+			t.Fatalf("The bad blocks are not sorted #[%d](%d) < #[%d](%d)", i, i+1, badBlocks[i].NumberU64(), badBlocks[i+1].NumberU64())
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Delete all bad blocks
+	DeleteBadBlocks(db)
+	badBlocks = ReadAllBadBlocks(db)
+	if len(badBlocks) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to delete bad blocks")
+	}
+}
+
 // Tests block total difficulty storage and retrieval operations.
 func TestTdStorage(t *testing.T) {
 	db := NewMemoryDatabase()

core/rawdb/database.go

@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func InspectDatabase(db ethdb.Database) error {
 			bloomTrieNodes.Add(size)
 		default:
 			var accounted bool
-			for _, meta := range [][]byte{databaseVersionKey, headHeaderKey, headBlockKey, headFastBlockKey, fastTrieProgressKey, uncleanShutdownKey} {
+			for _, meta := range [][]byte{databaseVersionKey, headHeaderKey, headBlockKey, headFastBlockKey, fastTrieProgressKey, uncleanShutdownKey, badBlockKey} {
 				if bytes.Equal(key, meta) {
 					metadata.Add(size)
 					accounted = true

core/rawdb/schema.go

@@ -66,6 +66,12 @@ var (
 	// fastTxLookupLimitKey tracks the transaction lookup limit during fast sync.
 	fastTxLookupLimitKey = []byte("FastTransactionLookupLimit")
 
+	// badBlockKey tracks the list of bad blocks seen by local
+	badBlockKey = []byte("InvalidBlock")
+
+	// uncleanShutdownKey tracks the list of local crashes
+	uncleanShutdownKey = []byte("unclean-shutdown") // config prefix for the db
+
 	// Data item prefixes (use single byte to avoid mixing data types, avoid `i`, used for indexes).
 	headerPrefix       = []byte("h") // headerPrefix + num (uint64 big endian) + hash -> header
 	headerTDSuffix     = []byte("t") // headerPrefix + num (uint64 big endian) + hash + headerTDSuffix -> td
@@ -84,8 +90,6 @@ var (
 	preimagePrefix = []byte("secure-key-")      // preimagePrefix + hash -> preimage
 	configPrefix   = []byte("ethereum-config-") // config prefix for the db
 
-	uncleanShutdownKey = []byte("unclean-shutdown") // config prefix for the db
-
 	// Chain index prefixes (use `i` + single byte to avoid mixing data types).
 	BloomBitsIndexPrefix = []byte("iB") // BloomBitsIndexPrefix is the data table of a chain indexer to track its progress
 

eth/api.go

@@ -331,22 +331,29 @@ type BadBlockArgs struct {
 // GetBadBlocks returns a list of the last 'bad blocks' that the client has seen on the network
 // and returns them as a JSON list of block-hashes
 func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) GetBadBlocks(ctx context.Context) ([]*BadBlockArgs, error) {
-	blocks := api.eth.BlockChain().BadBlocks()
-	results := make([]*BadBlockArgs, len(blocks))
-
-	var err error
-	for i, block := range blocks {
-		results[i] = &BadBlockArgs{
-			Hash: block.Hash(),
-		}
+	var (
+		err     error
+		blocks  = rawdb.ReadAllBadBlocks(api.eth.chainDb)
+		results = make([]*BadBlockArgs, 0, len(blocks))
+	)
+	for _, block := range blocks {
+		var (
+			blockRlp  string
+			blockJSON map[string]interface{}
+		)
 		if rlpBytes, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(block); err != nil {
-			results[i].RLP = err.Error() // Hacky, but hey, it works
+			blockRlp = err.Error() // Hacky, but hey, it works
 		} else {
-			results[i].RLP = fmt.Sprintf("0x%x", rlpBytes)
+			blockRlp = fmt.Sprintf("0x%x", rlpBytes)
 		}
-		if results[i].Block, err = ethapi.RPCMarshalBlock(block, true, true); err != nil {
-			results[i].Block = map[string]interface{}{"error": err.Error()}
+		if blockJSON, err = ethapi.RPCMarshalBlock(block, true, true); err != nil {
+			blockJSON = map[string]interface{}{"error": err.Error()}
 		}
+		results = append(results, &BadBlockArgs{
+			Hash:  block.Hash(),
+			RLP:   blockRlp,
+			Block: blockJSON,
+		})
 	}
 	return results, nil
 }

eth/api_tracer.go

@@ -404,8 +404,7 @@ func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceBlockFromFile(ctx context.Context, file string,
 // EVM against a block pulled from the pool of bad ones and returns them as a JSON
 // object.
 func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) TraceBadBlock(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash, config *TraceConfig) ([]*txTraceResult, error) {
-	blocks := api.eth.blockchain.BadBlocks()
-	for _, block := range blocks {
+	for _, block := range rawdb.ReadAllBadBlocks(api.eth.chainDb) {
 		if block.Hash() == hash {
 			return api.traceBlock(ctx, block, config)
 		}
@@ -428,8 +427,7 @@ func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) StandardTraceBlockToFile(ctx context.Context, hash c
 // execution of EVM against a block pulled from the pool of bad ones to the
 // local file system and returns a list of files to the caller.
 func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) StandardTraceBadBlockToFile(ctx context.Context, hash common.Hash, config *StdTraceConfig) ([]string, error) {
-	blocks := api.eth.blockchain.BadBlocks()
-	for _, block := range blocks {
+	for _, block := range rawdb.ReadAllBadBlocks(api.eth.chainDb) {
 		if block.Hash() == hash {
 			return api.standardTraceBlockToFile(ctx, block, config)
 		}